International Journal of Health and Biological Sciences

A Review on Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Face Wash

Mukesh Rawat — 2026-03-20

Herbal face washes have gained significant attention as safe, effective, and environmentally sustainable alternatives to conventional synthetic facial cleansers. These formulations are enriched with plant-based ingredients such as neem (Azadirachta indica), aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis), tulsi (Ocimum sanctum), turmeric (Curcuma longa), tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia), and mint (Mentha piperita), which exhibit well-documented antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, soothing, and moisturizing properties. Unlike chemical-based cleansers, herbal face washes provide gentle yet efficient cleansing while maintaining the natural pH and protective barrier of the skin. This review comprehensively highlights the historical evolution of herbal facial cleansing practices, various types of herbal face wash formulations, key formulation components, and commonly employed evaluation parameters. Additionally, the advantages and limitations of herbal face washes are discussed along with recent advancements and future prospects in herbal cosmetic science. The integration of traditional herbal knowledge with modern formulation technology supports the development of safe, effective, and skin-friendly herbal face wash products with growing consumer acceptance.

Formulation of Herbal Mint Fresh Toothpaste

Ayan Ahmad — 2026-03-20

The increasing consumer preference for natural, safe, and multifunctional oral care products has accelerated interest in herbal mint fresh toothpaste as an alternative to conventional synthetic dentifrices. Herbal formulations incorporate plant-based ingredients possessing antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and breath-freshening properties, including Mentha piperita (peppermint), Mentha arvensis (field mint), Azadirachta indica (neem), Salvadora persica (miswak), Aloe vera, and Glycyrrhiza glabra (liquorice). Mint oils rich in menthol enhance flavor, impart a cooling sensation, and suppress oral pathogens. Natural abrasives such as calcium carbonate and hydrated silica facilitate effective plaque removal without damaging enamel, while humectants and natural binders maintain paste consistency and stability.
Several studies indicate that herbal mint toothpastes demonstrate comparable efficacy to synthetic formulations in reducing dental plaque, gingivitis, halitosis, and oral microbial load, with fewer adverse effects such as fluorosis and mucosal irritation. The growing global demand for eco-friendly and chemical-free oral care products further strengthens the market potential of herbal mint formulations. However, challenges remain regarding batch-to-batch variability, standardization of herbal ingredients, stability of essential oils, and regulatory compliance. Overall, herbal mint fresh toothpaste represents a safe, effective, and sustainable approach to oral hygiene with strong prospects for future innovation in natural dentifrices.

Artimisia princeps emulgel: a herbal approach to enhanced topical therapy

Misbah Shahzad — 2026-03-20

Herbal-based topical formulations are gaining prominence as safe and effective alternatives to synthetic drugs. Artemisia princeps, a medicinal plant rich in flavonoids, terpenoids, and essential oils, exhibits notable anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and dermatological properties. Emulgels, combining the dual advantages of emulsionAs and gels, provide enhanced stability, spreadability, and controlled release, making them ideal carriers for plant-derived bioactives. This review highlights the phytochemical profile of A. princeps, its pharmacological activities, and the potential of emulgel formulations in topical therapy. Current evidence suggests that A. princeps emulgels can accelerate tissue repair, reduce inflammation, and improve skin health, though further clinical validation and formulation standardization are required for widespread therapeutic use. Further literature survey also provides the other potentials of phytoconstituents present in Artemisia princeps.

Advances in Novel Drug Delivery Systems

Aryan Chaudhary — 2026-04-03

The increasing need for treatments that are safer, more patient-friendly, and more effective has given NDDS significant impetus in recent years. Due to rapid metabolism, enzymatic degradation, or poor permeability across biological barriers, traditional dosage forms frequently fall short of achieving optimal therapeutic levels. In order to address these problems, NDDS uses novel materials and delivery systems that make it easier for medications to overcome physiological obstacles. For instance, hydrophilic and lipophilic medications can be encapsulated in nanocarrier systems like liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles to improve cellular uptake while preventing degradation. Active targeting, in which ligands direct the medication directly to diseased tissues to reduce off-target effects, is made possible by their capacity to be surface-modified. The drawbacks of conventional drug delivery, such as low bioavailability, instability, rapid drug release, and fluctuating plasma concentrations, are addressed by novel drug delivery systems (NDDS), a state-of-the-art technique. This study emphasises the evolution, significance, and applications of NDDS in modern therapies. The article discusses a range of carrier-based systems, including liposomes, nanoparticles, microspheres, and niosomes, as well as transdermal techniques like sonophoresis, osmotic pumps, and microencapsulation. The key features, advantages, disadvantages, and factors influencing NDDS performance are examined. Particular focus is placed on the composition, production processes, and potential for targeted, controlled, and long-term drug delivery of polymeric nanoparticles and liposomes. Thanks to advancements, NDDS plays a revolutionary role in improving therapeutic efficacy, patient compliance, and overall therapy outcome. In a similar vein, sophisticated transdermal delivery methods improve therapeutic consistency by avoiding first-pass metabolism and offering sustained release. The skin barrier is momentarily disrupted by methods like sonophoresis and microneedle arrays, allowing larger or hydrophilic drug molecules to effectively penetrate. Osmotic pumps provide long-lasting and consistent dosing by ensuring controlled release based on osmotic pressure differences. NDDS continues to develop towards precision and personalised medicine as research advances, providing individualised treatments that are in line with the needs of each patient and particular disease profiles. This development emphasises how important NDDS will be in determining how pharmaceutical therapy develops in the future.